Communication Habits of Eritrean Men: Tradition and Modernity in Conversation

Introduction: Understanding Eritrean Men's Communication

Eritrean men’s communication styles are shaped by a blend of traditional values, linguistic diversity, and modern influence. Eritrea has nine official languages, but Tigrinya, Arabic, and English are widely spoken. Men in Eritrea, regardless of age, demonstrate a deep respect for hierarchy and social norms, especially when speaking with elders or authority figures. This respect is evident in the use of formal greetings, honorifics, and polite language. Younger generations, however, are increasingly adopting a more casual approach influenced by globalization and modern technology.

Communication Habits by Age Group

12-18 Years Old

Eritrean boys in their teenage years typically communicate in a casual manner with their peers. They often use slang and code-switch between languages, particularly Tigrinya and English. Phrases like "Selam" (Hello) and "Kemo kemey" (How are you?) are common greetings among friends. However, when speaking to elders, teenagers shift to more respectful language, such as "Enda aytew" (Excuse me). The younger generation is also greatly influenced by social media, incorporating modern expressions from pop culture.

19-29 Years Old

Eritrean men in this age group tend to balance traditional values with modern interactions. In formal settings, they use polite expressions like "Yekenyeley" (Thank you) and "Keede emts'u" (Goodbye) to show respect. In casual conversations with friends, they are more likely to mix Tigrinya with English, using phrases like "What’s up?" or "Mekhti" (Let’s go). At this stage, social and professional interactions become more formal, with a focus on hierarchy and appropriate speech based on the context.

30-39 Years Old

By their thirties, Eritrean men often take on leadership roles within their families and communities. Their communication style reflects their responsibility, with more authoritative and guiding language. They often use proverbs and indirect expressions to convey wisdom. Phrases like "Nsu abza" (He’s the boss) are common in work settings, emphasizing respect for authority. In personal conversations, men in this age group use phrases like "Amselekhi" (Be patient) to offer advice.

40 Years Old and Above

Older Eritrean men command significant respect in society. They often communicate in a more reserved and reflective manner, using proverbs and indirect speech. Silence can be an important part of communication, allowing for contemplation. Phrases like "Hiji ms kidan" (Time will tell) are used to express wisdom and patience. Elders are seen as community pillars, and their words are often treated as advice or guidance.

Common Phrases and Expressions by Age Group

12-18 Years Old

• "Selam" – Hello; used as a casual greeting among peers.
• "Kemo kemey" – How are you?; a common inquiry.
• "Bziat kemey" – What’s going on?; used informally to ask what’s new.
• "Enda aytew" – Excuse me; used when addressing elders.
• "Mekhti" – Let’s go; often used among friends.

19-29 Years Old

• "Yekenyeley" – Thank you; used in formal and polite interactions.
• "Keede emts'u" – Goodbye; often used in formal settings.
• "What’s up?" – Casual greeting borrowed from English, common among peers.
• "Lomi" – Today; often used in discussions about current events.
• "Tsefaye" – Relax; used informally to comfort or reassure someone.

30-39 Years Old

• "Amselekhi" – Be patient; often used as advice.
• "Nsu abza" – He’s the boss; referring to someone in charge.
• "Mefet" – Success; used in congratulatory contexts.
• "Tsebah" – Dawn; metaphorically used to signify new beginnings.
• "Serih" – Calm; a reminder to stay composed in stressful situations.

40 Years Old and Above

• "Hiji ms kidan" – Time will tell; used to express patience and wisdom.
• "Gedifka" – Take it easy; often offered as calming advice.
• "Merhawit" – Peace; a common word reflecting a wish for harmony.
• "Zehaf" – Courage; often used to encourage others in difficult times.
• "Yihyeley" – May it be; a phrase used to express hope or wish for something good.

Conclusion: Effective Communication with Eritrean Men

When communicating with Eritrean men, especially older generations, respect is key. Politeness and careful language choice are essential, particularly when speaking with elders. Understanding their use of indirect expressions and proverbs is crucial for meaningful conversation. It’s also important to recognize the balance between tradition and modernity in their communication style. Showing patience, using appropriate greetings, and maintaining respect for social hierarchies will ensure successful interactions in Eritrea.